top of page
Kilimanjaro_from_Amboseli.jpg

Mount Kilimanjaro

About the mountain

Mount Kilimanjaro, located in northeastern Tanzania, is the highest peak in Africa and the world's tallest freestanding mountain. Rising approximately 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) above sea level, it is a dormant stratovolcano known as the "Roof of Africa". 

​

Geology and Peaks

The mountain consists of three distinct volcanic cones formed by continental rifting: 

  • Kibo (5,895m): The highest cone and the location of Uhuru Peak, the official summit. It is dormant and could potentially erupt again.

  • Mawenzi (5,149m): An extinct, rugged, and jagged peak located to the east.

  • Shira (3,962m): The oldest and now extinct cone, which has collapsed into a broad plateau on the western side. 

​

Climbing and Routes

Thousands of trekkers attempt to summit Kilimanjaro annually. While it is a "walk-up" mountain requiring no technical climbing gear, the high altitude makes it a serious challenge. 

  • Major Routes: There are seven established routes: Marangu (the only one with huts), Machame (the most popular), Lemosho, Rongai, Shira, Northern Circuit, and Umbwe.

  • Success Rates: Average success rates hover around 45–50%, largely due to altitude sickness. Longer routes (7–9 days) significantly increase the chances of reaching the top.

  • Best Time to Visit: The dry seasons from January to March and June to October offer the best climbing conditions. 

​

Ecological Zones

A trek to the summit is often described as walking from the Equator to the North Pole because it passes through five distinct climate zones: 

  1. Cultivation Zone: Farmlands with coffee and bananas.

  2. Rainforest: Lush and humid, home to colobus monkeys and diverse birdlife.

  3. Heath and Moorland: High-altitude shrubs and unique flora like giant groundsels.

  4. Alpine Desert: A rocky, barren landscape with extreme temperature fluctuations.

  5. Arctic Summit: A world of ice, rock, and shrinking glaciers. 

​

Environmental Status

The mountain's iconic ice cap has lost over 80% of its mass since 1912. Scientists predict that at current rates, the glaciers could disappear entirely by the mid-21st century. 

Are you interested in planning a trek, or would you like more details on the local history and legends of the mountain?

kilimanjaro-machame-route.jpg

Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro

 is a major undertaking that requires careful planning beyond simple physical fitness. For tourists, success often depends on choosing the right route, managing altitude, and ensuring all logistical requirements are met. 

​

1. Essential Gear and Packing

You must pack for five distinct climate zones, from humid rainforests to arctic summits. 

  • Clothing (Layering Strategy): Use a three-layer system: moisture-wicking base layers (merino wool/synthetic), insulating mid-layers (fleece/down), and waterproof/windproof outer shells. Avoid cotton as it retains moisture and leads to heat loss.

  • Footwear: Sturdy, waterproof hiking boots are essential. They must be broken in well before you arrive to prevent blisters. Bring lightweight camp shoes for the evenings.

  • Sleeping Gear: A four-season sleeping bag rated to at least -10°C (14°F) is necessary for the freezing nights at higher camps.

  • Summit Night Specifics: Pack a headlamp with extra batteries, warm mittens (better than gloves), and a thermal flask to prevent your water from freezing. 

​

2. Health and Safety

  • Altitude Sickness (AMS): This is the #1 reason for failed summits. The golden rule is "Pole Pole" (Swahili for "slowly, slowly") to allow your body to acclimate.

  • Hydration: Aim for 3–4 liters of water daily. Dehydration symptoms often mimic altitude sickness, so staying hydrated is critical for safety.

  • Medical Prep: Consult a doctor about high-altitude trekking and whether to bring Diamox (acetazolamide) for acclimatization.

  • Insurance: You must have travel insurance that specifically covers high-altitude trekking up to 6,000m and emergency helicopter evacuation. 

​

3. Permits and Costs

Kilimanjaro is one of the world's most expensive treks due to mandatory government fees. 

  • Mandatory Requirements: Independent climbing is illegal; you must hire a licensed guide and porters.

  • Park Fees: For a 7-day climb, fees typically total approximately $950–$1,100 per person, covering conservation ($70/day), camping ($50/night), rescue ($20/trip), and 18% VAT.

​

4. Choosing Your Route

Route DurationSuccess RateBest For...

       Machame              -    (6–7) DaysHighScenic variety and "climb high, sleep low" acclimatization.

       Lemosho               -   (7–8) DaysVery HighExcellent scenery and longer acclimatization.

       Marangu               -    (5–6) DaysLowerThose preferring huts over tents; however, it has a steep ascent.

       Rongai                   -    (6–7) DaysModerateApproaching from the north; drier during rainy seasons.

       Northern Circuit   -    (8–9) DaysHighestMaximum acclimatization and solitude away from crowds.

bottom of page